Natural Calendar - August 2023

The purpose of this feature is to give scout leaders, educators and naturalists an idea of some of the natural events coming up each month. We will try to cover a variety of natural events ranging from sky events to calling periods of amphibians, bird and mammal watching tips, prominent wildflowers and anything else that comes to mind. We will also note prominent constellations appearing over the eastern horizon at mid-evening each month for our area for those who would like to learn the constellations. If you have suggestions for other types of natural information you would like to see added to this calendar, let us know!

Though we link book references to nationwide sources, we encourage you to support your local bookstore whenever possible.

 

Notes From July 2023

In early July, after working on a habitat survey on some beautiful property near Dandridge, Tennessee, we came home to weather that was more tropical than temperate. The rain was good for gardens but terrible for astrophotography. I had just taken delivery of a six-inch astrograph, and I needed to check it out to see if the optics were okay.

 
 
A celestial Barn Owl in a star-rich field in Cygnus. Simeis 57, July 25, 26, 27th, Six-inch F7 astrograph and ZWO ASI 2600MM Pro camera. Total exposure 11.75 hours. To see a larger image and location in the sky, click here.

Finally, on July 23rd, I had a clear night. I took a ten-second image of the bright star Vega to check the star images across the field of view. A crop of the image is below. Faint 17th magnitude galaxies and stars are visible in the original image. Stars were sharp throughout. No problems there. I got up early the next morning to do the second test, a visual view of Saturn and Jupiter. Both looked sharp and beautiful!

The new scope before the first night of imaging. In the background is the edge of the pond.

Next I wanted to take a long exposure image. The weather gods were kind and a mild cold front came through on July 24th.

I took images on the nights of July 25th, 26th and 27th. My target was a small region of the Cygnus ionized hydrogen cloud call Simeis 57. It's about 4,600 light-years distant. The whole area, near the star Gamma Cygni, glows in the light of ionized hydrogen and oxygen.

I chose this area because I had seen images of it that suggested the shape of an owl to me. It looked like a fun first image for the new scope.

Everything worked remarkably well on the new setup. I already had the mounting and other imaging accessories like the camera and filter wheel. The counterweight is from another telescope.

The image of Simeis 57 above is only 1/5th the size of the original image. To the naked eye, only the bright star in the top left corner of the image is visible. And that star can only be seen by someone with keen vision from a site far away from city lights. Everything else is much fainter. The "owl" as shown would span almost two full Moons if you could see it.

The lounge chair in the image at right is one of the things I enjoy most about my astrophotography. After I polar align the scope, get the autoguiding started and enter my imaging plan into the scope's software, I sit down and relax.

 

 
Ten-second test image of Vega (crop from full size)
As someone who has hand-guided photographs at the eyepiece of a guide telescope, it's a joy to give these tasks to a computer. It doesn't take away any enjoyment of the night - it adds to it. I lean back and use my binoculars to find bright star clusters and galaxies.

My binocular tour brings back memories of other nights and other places; a sparkling night at Holly Flats campground near Tellico, Tennessee, a campground in Arizona's Huachuca Mountains where we drifted off to sleep listening to Whiskered Screech Owls and Flammulated Owls. 

I listen to the serenade from the pond just a hundred feet away. Green Frogs plunk their loose banjo strings and growl at me. Occasionally a Bullfrog gives his rumbling call. Green Treefrog and Gray Treefrog calls drift up from the second pond a half mile distant. The Katydid chorus starts slowly, then builds. I settle back and drift into the night.
 

Sky Events for August 2023:

The Perseid Meteor Shower  is predicted to peak at 7:58 UTC on August 13th. The early morning hours of August 13th and 14th should provide the best viewing. There will be a waning crescent Moon that will only be ten-percent illuminated, so it will not interfere a great deal.

Morning Sky:

Jupiter rises just around 1:00am at the beginning of the month. Look for it in Aries low above the East-Southeast horizon. You will get better telescopic views by viewing it just before dawn.  

Evening Sky:

Venus, Mars and Mercury are low in the western sky after sunset. Venus displays a beautiful tiny crescent in binoculars. It's fun to replicate Galileo's famous discovery in 1610! Try to be at your observing spot (preferably with a low western horizon) by sundown. Then scan above the horizon for several binocular widths looking due west.

You may want to look up the magnetic declination from your location, so you can correct your compass heading for that. Several degrees can make a big difference in where you look for Venus. Find out how to correct for magnetic declination here. A handy calculator for magnetic declination, where you can just type in your street address, is here. If you spot Venus  you can use an app like Sky Safari to see how much you need to offset from Venus to find the other two planets.

At the beginning of the month Mercury will be above Venus, but it's  fainter and will take about 15 minutes longer to appear. On June 30th I spotted Venus in binoculars about 12 minutes after official sunset. Mercury appeared above and slightly to the left of Venus 15 minutes later. Although Venus became visible to the naked eye a few minutes after I spotted it in binoculars, I never did see Mercury with the naked eye. Mercury is at its greatest elongation from the Sun on August 9th, and I wouldn't be surprised if it is visible to the naked eye at that time.

Mars continues to fade and drifts through Leo this month. Look for it above and to the left of Venus in the western sky at dusk. It will become harder to see as the month goes on due to the twilight glow. Mars will take its time fading from view however. It does not set with the Sun until November. An app like Sky Safari will make your search easier.

At the beginning of the month look for Saturn in Aquarius, low in the Southeast in the early evening. On August 1st it will be to the left of the full Moon. The tilt of Saturn's rings is decreasing as our perspective of the rings changes as it orbits the Sun. The next time the rings will appear edge-on is March 2025.


Constellations:

NGC 7331 and satellite galaxies, August 22nd, 2014.
The views below show the sky looking east at 10:45pm EDT on August 15th. The first view shows the sky with the constellations outlined and names depicted. Star and planet names are in green. Constellation names are in blue. The second view shows the same scene without labels. New constellations this month are Pegasus, the Flying Horse, Andromeda, Princess Andromeda, Triangulum, the Triangle, Pisces, the Fishes, and Aquarius, the Water Bearer.

In Pegasus, the reddish star Enif marks the nose of the flying horse. Just above Enif is the globular cluster Messier 15, a nice ball of stars about 33,600 light-years away. The cluster was discovered by Jean Dominique Maraldi on September 7th, 1746. Maraldi was searching for De Chéseaux' Comet at the time.

High overhead, in Hercules, another globular cluster is at its best this month.  Messier 13 can sometimes be picked out with the naked eye on a dark moonless night.  It is about 25,000 light-years distant.

In a small telescope it will appear like a little cotton ball of faint light.  With increasing aperture, you'll be able to spot some of the faint stars around the periphery of the cluster.  Be sure to use averted vision, looking to one side of the cluster, to allow the cluster's light to fall on the light-sensitive rod cells of your eye.

 

 

August 15th, 10:30pm EDT, Looking East

 
 

August15th, 10:30pm EDT, Looking East

On Learning the Constellations: 

Try to learn a few constellations each month, and then following them through the seasons. Once you associate a particular constellation coming over the eastern horizon at a certain time of year, you may start thinking about it like an old friend, looking forward to its arrival each season. The stars in the evening scene above, for instance, will always be in the same place relative to the horizon at the same time and date each August. Of course, the planets do move slowly through the constellations, but with practice you will learn to identify them from their appearance. In particular, learn the brightest stars for they will guide you to the fainter stars. Once you can locate the more prominent constellations, you can "branch out" to other constellations around them. It may take you a little while to get a sense of scale, to translate what you see on the computer screen or what you see on the page of a book to what you see in the sky. Look for patterns, like the stars that make up the "Square of Pegasus."

The earth's rotation causes the constellations to appear to move across the sky just as the Sun and the Moon appear to do. If you go outside earlier than the time shown on the charts, the constellations will be lower to the eastern horizon. If you observe later, they will have climbed higher. 

As each season progresses, the earth's motion around the Sun causes the constellations to appear a little farther towards the west each night for any given time of night. If you want to see where the constellations in the above figures will be on September 15th at 10:00pm CDT, you can stay up till midnight on August 15th and get a preview. The westward motion of the constellations is equivalent to two hours per month. 

Recommended:

Sky & Telescope's Pocket Star Atlas is beautiful, compact star atlas. 

A good book to learn the constellations is Patterns in the Sky, by Hewitt-White

For sky watching tips, an inexpensive good guide is Secrets of Stargazing, by Becky Ramotowski. 

A good general reference book on astronomy is the Peterson Field Guide, A Field Guide to the Stars and Planets, by Pasachoff.  The book retails for around $14.00. 

The Virtual Moon Atlas is a terrific way to learn the surface features of the Moon.  And it's free software.  You can download the Virtual Moon Atlas here.

Apps:  The Sky Safari 6 basic version is free and a great aid for the beginning stargazer. We really love the Sky Safari 6 Pro.  Both are available for iOS and Android operating systems.  There are three versions.  The Pro is simply the best astronomy app we've ever seen.  The description of the Pro version reads, "includes over 100 million stars, 3 million galaxies down to 18th magnitude, and 750,000 solar system objects; including every comet and asteroid ever discovered."

Another great app is the Photographer's Ephemeris.  Great for finding sunrise, moonrise, sunset and moonset times and the precise place on the horizon that the event will occur.  Invaluable not only for planning photographs, but also nice to plan an outing to watch the full moon rise.  Available for both androids and iOS operating systems.

Amphibians:

Southern Cricket Frog
Listen for Cope's Gray TreefrogsGray Treefrogs, Bird-Voiced Treefrogs, Green Treefrogs and Barking TreefrogsNorthern Cricket Frogs and Southern Cricket Frogs are still calling, as are American Bullfrogs and Green FrogsSpring Peepers have a much higher, shorter call this time of year. On cooler nights listen for American Toads, but be wary of the many calling tree crickets this time of year. After heavy rains listen for the high, insect-like call of the Eastern Narrow-mouthed Toad and the strange-sounding Eastern Spadefoot.

Recommended:  The Frogs and Toads of North America, Lang Elliott, Houghton Mifflin Co.

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Nature Notes Archives:  Nature Notes was a page we published in 2001 and 2002 containing our observations about everything from the northern lights display of November 2001 to frog and salamander egg masses.

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